воскресенье, 16 октября 2011 г.

CROWD-36 (SERDOLIK) - OFDM mode

CROWD-36(SERDOLIK) - OFDM mode
Ch-34, Br-40, Sh-40, PSK-4, The OFDM without CP

Author: SergUA6 
Band Width ~1400 Hz
Baud Rate 40 Hz
n-Ary (PSK/MPSK) PSK-4
Count of Carriers 34
Step between carriers 40 Hz
Pilot tone(s) 393 Hz, this tone or pilot, or continue transmit data of zero in PSK-4 mode
RX mode SSB



Sonograms:
pic.1 General view


pic.2 Manipulation speed



pic.3 Detalization of the second channel




 Diagrams:
pic.4 The first channel in the fourth degree




 pic.5 Constellation of the first channel





CROWD-36 (SERDOLIK) - OFDM mode - is curious enough signal, where the principles of OFDM technologies usage  for formation of a various type of manipulations/modulations are perfectly shown. 


MFSK and OFDM segments are generated/formed absolutely equally, the difference is only in the form of used modulation, besides this OFDM signal has no cyclical prefix. Speed of manipulation is precisely equal to frequency space (step between frequencies) - that is the big rarity, and it is possibly linked with the fact, that initial synchronization is provided on the operation stage in MFSK a mode. 


The presence of pilot-tone or the continuous transmission of zero in PSK-4 mode is viewed In the second channel of OFDM segment, alghough i can't say definitely.


Though OFDM signals without CP  are very difficult for the analysis, in this record  it is even possible to define a manipulation mode in the first (lower) channel thus this channel is rather easily possible to select/mark this channel confidently enough, thanking presence of the pilot-tone in the second channel. 


Absence of the prefix allows to use as much as possible densely all the spectrum, with the maximum real speed that in this signal makes 34*40*2=2720 bps. If the second channel is really the pilot, then the maximum technical speed is slightly less - 2640 bps.

MFSK: CROWD-36 (SERDOLIK)

CROWD-36(SERDOLIK)
MFSK-34, Br-40, Sh-40, Ch-34

Author: SergUA6 
Band Width ~1400 Hz
Baud Rate 40 Hz
Count of Carriers 34 manipulation frequency
Step between carriers 40 Hz
RX mode SSB



Sonograms:
pic.1 General view at the different spectrum resolution.


pic.2 Manipulation speed



Diagrams:
pic.3 Allocation and quantity of the frequencies



pic.4 demodulation in SA



CROWD-36(SERDOLIK) MFSK From the different sources, it is used by various diplomatic services of the CIS countries, Russia is defined in general easily enough. Spacing is 40, speed 40, frequencies 34.Alghough it is necessary to manage to count the frequencies, because to do it on the spectrum it not so that easy. ;) The number "36" in the name of the signal is the mystery for me. I haven't ever seen 36 frequencies, so I may suppose that 36 frequencies are very seldom used or quantity of frequencies does not play a role in the name of the signal. 
Speed of manipulation in chat-mode makes 10 hertz.  Mazielka 2 tone and it is possible Mazielka 6 tones are Very closely connected with Crowd-36.

пятница, 7 октября 2011 г.

OFDM, COFDM: DRM+ (DRM-E)

DRM+ (DRM-E)
Ch - 213, PSK-4, Br - 400 Hz, Sh - 444.4(4) Hz, k = 1/9

Author: SergUA6 
Band Width ~95500 Hz
Baud Rate 400 Hz
n-Ary (PSK/MPSK) PSK-4
Count of Carriers 213
Step between carriers 444.4(4) Hz
ACF      100 ms
RX mode Source I/Q record




Sonograms:

pic.1 General view



pic.2 The main signal's parameters.




Diagrams:
pic.3 The constellation in the channel




pic.4 Detalization



Pictures:
pic.5 ACF of the signal.




DRM+(DRM-E) - DRM format for VHF broadcasting, it is intended to extrude the analogue decisions in this sphere. It posseses range of attractive advantages: the necessary band is about 95-96 kHz on the broadcast channel, the transmission till 4 of independed programs is possible in one channel.


The signal itself is the typical representative of OFDM tecnology. All the parameters are defined in SA easyly enough. The maximum technical speed for PSK-4 and 213 channeles is 170 kbit/sec. In reality, the real speed of data transmission is a bit lower (about 130-150 kbit/sec), at the expencse of usage of part of the channels and symbols as the pilot/service.


As far as i know, the prespective of this standard in Russia are *foggy* enough, this record sent by collegues from Europe.